Journal of Neurology Research, ISSN 1923-2845 print, 1923-2853 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Neurol Res and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website http://www.neurores.org

Case Report

Volume 6, Number 5-6, December 2016, pages 114-117

Fat Embolism Syndrome: Case Report

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Fracture of right inferior pubic ramus.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. Diffusion weighted image showing fat embolism.
Figure 3.
Figure 3. T2-weighted image showing fat embolism.
Figure 4.
Figure 4. T1 FLAIR image showing fat embolism.
Figure 5.
Figure 5. Chest radiograph showing features of ARDS.

Tables

Table 1. Common Causes of Fat Embolism Syndrome
 
Blunt trauma (approximately 90% of all cases)
Acute pancreatitis
Diabetes mellitus
Burns
Joint reconstruction
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Liposuction
Decompression sickness
Sickle cell crisis
Parenteral lipid infusion
Pathologic fractures

 

Table 2. Gurd and Wilson’s Criteria
 
Major featuresMinor features
ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
Axillary or subconjunctival petechiaeTachycardia > 110/min
Hypoxemia PaO2 < 60 mm Hg; FIO2 = 0.4Pyrexia > 38.5
Pulmonary edemaRetinal fat or petechiae
Sudden drop in Hb level > 20%Urinary fat globules or oligoanuria
Central nervous system depression disproportionate to hypoxemiaSudden thrombocytopenia > 50%
High ESR > 71 mm/h

 

Table 3. Schonfeld Criteria
 
CriteriaScore
Petechiae5
X-ray chest diffuse infiltrates4
Hypoxemia3
Fever1
Tachycardia1
Confusion1

 

Table 4. Lindeque Criteria
 
1. Sustained PO2 < 8 kPa
2. Sustained PCO2 > 7.3 kPa
3. Sustained respiratory rate > 35/min, in spite of sedation
4. Increased work of breathing, dyspnea, tachycardia, anxiety