J Neurol Res

Journal of Neurology Research, ISSN 1923-2845 print, 1923-2853 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Neurol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://www.neurores.org

Original Article

Volume 11, Number 5, October 2021, pages 87-93

An Observational Study of an Epilepsy Monitoring Unit in a Level 4 Epilepsy Center, Post-Implementation of the National Association of Epilepsy Centers 2010 Revised Guidelines

Figure

Figure 1. Flow diagram of patient inclusion and exclusion. EMU: epilepsy monitoring unit.

Tables

**Table 1.** Demographics of Age, Gender, and Ethnicity Stratified in Groups That Received Intervention Versus Those Having No Change in Management
	Total	Intervention	No change
Age	40.8 ± 17	40.2 ± 16.9	42.5 ± 17.4
Gender
Male	150	113	37
Female	234	169	65
Ethnicity
White	215	156	59
Black/African American/African	74	61	13
Latino/Hispanic	28	21	7
Asian/South Asian	23	13	10
American Indian or Native Alaskan	3	2	1
Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander	2	1	1
Other/not reported	39	28	11

**Table 2.** Diagnostic Outcomes of Patients With EMU Admissions
	Frequency (%)
EMU: epilepsy monitoring unit.
Diagnosis received	346 (90.1%)
Epileptic seizures	256 (66.7%)
Non-epileptic events	55 (14.3%)
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures	33 (8.6%)
Psychogenic events and epilepsy	2 (0.5%)
No diagnosis received	38 (9.9%)
EMU events, no diagnosis	5 (1.3%)
No events, no diagnosis	33 (8.6%)

**Table 3.** Interventions as a Result of EMU Evaluation
	Frequency (%)
Interventions not mutually exclusive and total frequency of interventions may exceed the number of enrolled patients. EMU: epilepsy monitoring unit; RNS: responsive neurostimulator; VNS: vagus nerve stimulator; Wada: intracarotid sodium amobarbital procedure.
Intervention performed	282 (73.40%)
Medication	264 (68.80%)
Medication change	264 (68.80%)
Surgical intervention	53 (13.80%)
Resection	2 (0.52%)
RNS	6 (1.56%)
VNS	45 (11.70%)
Intervention by diagnostic studies	23 (5.99%)
Wada	9 (2.34%)
Intracranial electrode placement/phase II monitoring	14 (3.65%)
No intervention performed	102 (26.60%)