Journal of Neurology Research, ISSN 1923-2845 print, 1923-2853 online, Open Access
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Case Report

Volume 12, Number 3, October 2022, pages 132-138


Symptomatic Cerebral Vasospasm After Transsphenoidal Adenoma Resection of the Pituitary

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. MRI with T1 with contrast showing a large heterogeneously enhancing mass centered within the sella extending into the suprasellar cistern measuring 2.1 × 3.3 × 3.3 cm in maximum dimensions. MRI: magnetic resonance imaging.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. (a) CT angiography of head showing spasm in the proximal left M1 segment and middle M1 occlusion. (b) CT perfusion showing infarcted core in about 74 and 84 mL penumbra. (c) Cerebral angiography with successful recanalization. (d) Hyperintensity in the FLAIR sequence compatible with acute stroke. (e) Diffusion restriction in the left temporal lobe is consistent with acute stroke. CT: computed tomography.
Figure 3.
Figure 3. TCD findings showed increased mean flow velocity in both M1 and A1 segments on the left side with the Lindegaard ratio within the range of moderate to severe vasospasm. TCD: Transcranial Doppler.

Table

Table 1. Clinical Characteristics of Reported Post-TSS Vasospasm Cases
 
Clinical characteristicsPatients (N = 27) (n (%))
SAH: subarachnoid hemorrhage; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; ACA: anterior cerebral artery; ICA: internal carotid artery; MCA: middle cerebral artery; PCA: posterior cerebral artery; PCommA: posterior communicating artery; TSS: transsphenoidal surgery.
Age (years) (mean)47.33 ± 15.22
Gender (n (%))
  Female14 (51.9)
  Male13 (48.1)
SAH/hemorrhage
  No4 (14.8)
  Yes23 (85.2)
CSF leak
  No21 (77.7)
  Yes6 (22.3)
Presentation time (days)7.5 ± 2.6
Vasospasm clinical manifestation
  Hemiparesis7 (25.9)
  Aphasia9 (33.3)
  Mental status deterioration7 (25.9)
  Weakness9 (33.3)
Vessels implicated
  ICA16 (64)
  MCA15 (60)
  ACA18 (72)
  PCA1 (4)
  PComA1 (4)
  ICA, ACA and MCA9 (36)
  Diffuse2 (7.4)
  Unilateral16 (64)
  Bilateral9 (36)
Infarction
  No9 (33.3)
  Yes18 (66.7)
Craniotomy
  No22 (81.5)
  Yes5 (18.5)
Outcome
  Complete remission13 (48.2)
  Incomplete remission9 (33.3)
  Death5 (18.5)